Effect Of Ginger On The Brain Of Diabetes Induced Diabetic...

RESEARCH ARTICLE Neuroprotective effect of ginger in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Gehan El-Akabawyâˆâ€", Wael El-Kholy Menoufia University, Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia, Egypt a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 3 August 2013 Received in revised form 17 January 2014 Accepted 31 January 2014 Keywords: Ginger Diabetes Brain Histology Immunohistochemistry s u m m a r y Diabetes mellitus results in neuronal damage caused by increased intracellular glucose leading to oxidative stress. Recent evidence revealed the potential of ginger for reducing diabetes-induced oxidative stress markers. The aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, whether the antioxidant properties of ginger has beneficial effects on the structural brain damage associated with diabetes. We investigated the observable neurodegenerative changes in the frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum after 4, 6, and 8 weeks of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats and the effect(s) of ginger (500 mg/kg/day). Sections of frontal cortex, dentate gyrus, and cerebellum were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined using light microscopy. In addition, quantitative immunohistochemical assessments of the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-, caspase-3, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Ki67 were performed. Our results revealed a protective role ofShow MoreRelatedNatural Dyes11205 Words   |  45 PagespH gt; 11. The highest concentrations of cyanidin are found in the skin of the fruit. [edit] Effects on the human body Cyanidin, like other anthocyanidins, has putative antioxidant and radical-scavenging effects which may protect cells from oxidative damage and reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. One theory is that dietary intake of cyanidins may inhibit development of obesity and diabetes as well as contain inflammatory mechanisms.[2] Other studies have generally shown that the glucoside

Portfolio Management Strategic Management - 1662 Words

Portfolio Strategic Management Introduction Modern organisations devise a plan prior to the beginning of the project, in order to achieve desired objectives. The collection of programs, projects, or objectives managed to achieve the desired results is known as a portfolio, and the co-ordinated management of one or more portfolios in an effort towards achieving the organization’s objectives, is known as portfolio management (Project Management Institute, 2013). Portfolio management plays a critical role in any major decisions taken by the organization with respect to prioritizing and allocating personnel, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the organizational strategies. Portfolio strategic management involves managing, monitoring, and†¦show more content†¦Morris and Pinto (2007), state that the wide range of markets that the global companies currently invest in, requires them to rely on project teams working on different portfolios to strive towards the achievement of the organizational objectives. With su ch daunting requirements to be met, organizations depend on designing and executing portfolio strategic management techniques, with an evaluation of the current challenges that the organization faces and an estimation of the expected challenges that might arise in the future. Once such an evaluation has been carried out, the organization can then come to an understanding and establish a roadmap towards achieving its objectives. Since portfolios form a part of the overall managerial initiatives, it is imperative that the portfolio strategic management is devised in such a way that it supports the organizational plans. Morris and Pinto (2007), suggest that an ineffective portfolio strategic management plan leads to executional problems in monitoring and managing changes in organizational, which would eventually jeopardise the efforts towards accomplishing desired goals. Strategy planning and strategy implementation are two critical aspects of a portfolio strategic management plan, which define and pave the way towards an uneventful completion of the project (Sanchez and Robert, 2010). As discussed earlier, whilst

Negotiation and Compliance An Article Analysis Free Essays

Dick Olver, chairman of BAE Systems, writes an empirical analysis of negotiation and ethical compliance in the article â€Å"Ethical Business Cultures†. His approach is that of an expert in both observation and experience in the analysis of negotiation and the behavioral aspects of corporate culture. Every successful enterprise requires the strong foundations of leadership and the willingness of the rest to believe in the vision of the leader and to follow him or her. We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation and Compliance: An Article Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Olver understands this firsthand and believes that implementing change in the form of an ethical working environment is key to a company’s success and employee happiness, overall. Though he asserts that there is a chain of command in every business, ethics is one area where all members of a working team must work at equally. Therefore, though demonstrating the effective use of ethics begins at the top of an organization, it can only be sustained by all employees’ involvement in it’s continuation. Olver readily outlines the processes of both the means by which employees eagerly accept the ethical vision of the business leader and the constant need for management to reinforce ethical behavior. There are no apparent flaws in his reasoning, as his expertise in the business world serves as a seemingly credible source of both advice and information. Olver initially lists three ways in which managers can negotiate compliance with their employees. A manager must be aware of what is important and communicate this to employees faithfully. He or she, also must take responsibility for ethics â€Å"embedment† and not depend or delegate this upon others. Finally, Olver suggests that questions must be asked in order to gauge the current level of diversity and willingness to accept diversity within an organization if that company wishes to acquire global contracts. Olver also lists eight standards for leaders in an ethically and globally motivated environment. To annotate this extensive information, the most key aspects of his experience and advice will follow. Leaders must consciously implement and improve benchmarking, reporting, and transparency features of company goal achievement, as this helps to keep all employees and global partners abreast of current procedures. Similarly, laws and contracts must be upheld and protected, but not at the level that interactions within the company and with outside agencies would be so secret as to arouse suspicion. The key here is that transparency is of the utmost importance in gaining trust in employees, but that not everything can be completely transparent in any organization. Olver concludes his writing with an encouragement to all business leaders to help implement an ethical environment using his expertise and experience. His conclusions are that all business leaders must be strong and determined in practicing their negotiation skills with their employees. The fear of change is common in all business settings, therefore negotiating change within an organization must be the priority of the business leader. He or she must confront the fears of change and convince others to follow that new direction of fearlessness. Having the ability to lead and to instill trust and ethics in employees yields much satisfaction and takes great skill. This not only benefits the manager in their self-esteem in their ability to positively negotiate, but it helps employees to remain happy and productive while yielding great results for the company and the bottom line. How to cite Negotiation and Compliance: An Article Analysis, Papers

Oedipus The King (876 words) Essay Example For Students

Oedipus The King (876 words) Essay Oedipus The KingSometimes humans try to avoid their inevitable destiny for their lives; thereare moments that we may think of ourselves as invincible and smarter than whatis already decided. There may also be a point when making a decision leads to agreat error in judgment. In Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, both ofthese problems are noticed in the character, Oedipus. They are known as tragicflaws. A tragedy must have the character to have a flaw in his hamartia. Oedipus single flaw that is pointed out is hubris, excessive pride. A singleflaw can allow a man to be defeated. Oedipus the King is a tragedy. A tragedy isa play that portrays a conflict between human beings and some superior,overwhelming force. It ends sorrowfully and disastrously, and the outcome seemsinevitable. In a tragedy, the hero is upper class that is capable of suffering. He is neither good nor bad. Due to the flaws in his actions and behaviors, hewill have everything and lose it all. He is the hero and king of Thebes, butbecause of his fate, he ends up being blind in exile. Oedipus runs from his ownhomeland including his mother and father. He is trying to escape his fate. Thegods above told him that he would, in his future, kill his father and marry hismother. By moving somewhere else, he believes his parents will be safe from him. Someone told him that Polybus and Merope were not his real parents so he askedthem, but they lied telling him they were. Oedipus still has doubts so he goesto Delphi where he is told the truth, but not the identity of his real parents. He flees Corinth where his parents are in order to avoid the prophecy. Oedipusleaves Corinth and heads in the opposite direction towards Thebes. On hisjourney, a chariot tries to run him of the road. He became very angry, whichcauses him to become violent so he kills Laius and the men who are with him. Oneman escaped the wrath of Oedipus and fled back to Thebes. Although he does notknow Laius was his father, he is one step closer to fulfilling the prophecy. Oedipus is on the path close to the town of Thebes where this is a Sphinx whokills people who cannot answer her riddle. Oedipus succeeds in solving theriddle, causing the Sphinx to destroy herself. He is received with enthusiasm bythe Thebans that just lost their king. The Thebans make him king and he marriesJocasta who was married to the late Laius. He is ignorant in knowing that notonly has he killed his father, but also now, he has married his mother. Oedipussinks low because of his tragic flaws, his actions, and his inability to dancearound ones fate. There is a plague in the land, so Oedipus wants it to goaway, so he sends Creon to Delphi to find out what to do. Creon is Jocastassister and his brother-in-law. Apollo shot an arrow, which caused the plaguebecause Laius death went unsolved. Apollo wants the killer(s) paid back forthe murder. Oedipus wants to find the murderer, so he says that whoever killedLaius will be exiled or killed. Someone tells Oedipus to send for blind Tire siaswho knows everything. Tiresias does not want to tell Oedipus the truth, butOedipus keeps harassing Tiresias even threatens him with torture. Finally, hetells Oedipus the truth but Oedipus does not want to believe the truth. Oedipusshows an error in judgment when he disregards Tiresias warning. He is toohardheaded to listen to what Tiresias has to say to him. In doing this, hecreates his own downfall. He disregards all the information given to him becausehe thinks that he can control his destiny. A servant announces to the king andhis people that Jocasta was dead. She hung herself in her bedroom when shefigured out that her husband was really her son. Her four children were by herfirst born who she thought was dead. Oedipus sees his mother/wifes body hepulls to pins out of her dress and gouges his eyes out with them. He does thisseveral times, causing blood to drip down his face and on his beard. He couldnot bear to see the damage that his life had caused. Oedipus keeps his word ofpunishing the murderer of Laius. He is sent in exile to Cithaeron where as ababy he was to have been left. He does not know if he will die there are notbecause he realizes now that the gods are in control of his destiny. Apollotakes away the plague, since the murder of Laius was solved and punishment hadbeen served. Oedipus was on top of the world and he literally lost everyone andeverything that he had loved. He tried to avoid his fate but it was meant to be,so it happened. It does not make sense why his fate must be so terrible, but itcould have to do with his single flaw. Oedipus never did anything that bad todeserve such a horrible life. At least he was man enough to realize that it wasnot only Apollos fault, but his too. He lost some of his hubris throughoutthis horrible event. This all took place in one day at the palace in Thebes. .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .postImageUrl , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:hover , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:visited , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:active { border:0!important; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:active , .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510 .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5adf2cae286bcaac0f10804a52f34510:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evolution Charles Darwin EssayEveryone has a downfall, some just have farther to fall than others do.